Physics revision notes

Electricity is about charge moving around a circuit. Get current, potential difference and resistance straight and the whole topic clicks.

Energy is never created or destroyed — it is only transferred between stores. Nail the stores, the transfers and the equations and this topic becomes reliable marks.

A force is a push or a pull. Understand resultant forces and Newton's three laws and you can explain and calculate how any object moves.

Waves transfer energy without transferring matter. Learn the properties and the wave speed equation and you can describe and calculate any wave.

The particle model explains solids, liquids and gases by how their particles are arranged and how much energy they have. It underpins density and heating calculations.

Atoms have a tiny dense nucleus surrounded by electrons. Unstable nuclei decay by emitting radiation — learn the three types and how to use half-life.

Magnets have fields that exert forces; an electric current also makes a magnetic field. Combine the two and you get electromagnets and motors.

Forces change how objects move. Learn the motion equations and Newton's three laws and you can explain and calculate any everyday motion.

Electricity is charge flowing round a circuit. Get current, voltage and resistance clear and the whole topic makes sense.

Waves transfer energy without transferring matter. Learn the wave equation and the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves.

Energy is conserved — it can only be transferred between stores. Learn the stores, the equations and how to calculate efficiency.

Thermal physics explains temperature and heat transfer using the particle model. Learn the states of matter, heat transfer methods and specific heat capacity.

A current creates a magnetic field, and a current in a field feels a force. Learn the motor effect and Fleming's left-hand rule to explain motors.

Unstable nuclei decay by emitting radiation. Learn the three types of radiation, decay equations and half-life to master this topic.

Astrophysics covers orbits, the life cycle of stars and evidence for the Big Bang. Learn the key ideas and the role of gravity throughout.